Effect of Organophosphorous Pesticide Stress on Biochemical Parameters in Freshwater Fish Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)

Background: India is an agrarian country with an agriculture-based economy. Agricultural practices increased crop yield, but indiscriminate use of agrochemicals creates problems like air, water, and soil pollution and affects non-target organisms like fish. Nowadays, organophosphorus pesticides have been widely used to control pests.

Aim: The main objective of this study was to investigate the acute effect of organophosphorus pesticides Profenofos and Chlorpyrifos on the biochemical content of protein and glycogen in the liver and kidney tissue of Labeo rohita (Hamilton).

Materials and Methods: The study was carried out with freshwater fish Labeo rohita (9.1±1.2 cm length & 7.2±1.2 g weight) exposed in sub-lethal concentrations (LC50/4 mg/L & LC50/2 mg/L) of organophosphorus pesticides Profenofos and Chlorpyrifos for an acute period of organophosphorus pesticides Profenofos and Chlorpyrifos for acute time period 48 hours and 96 hours. The physico-chemical analysis of water was carried out by following APHA methods. The biochemical content of protein and Glycogen in the tissue of the liver and kidney was determined.

Results: After acute exposure to Labeo rohita in Profenofos and Chlorpyrifos, the LC50 Value was determined 0.31mg/L & 0.53mg/L respectively. During acute treatment of pesticides, there were no changes shown in the control group. The amount of protein and glycogen content in the tissue of the liver and kidney gradually decreases in the treated group. This disrupts a normal metabolic pathway, which leads to an increase in the rate of mortality in the fish population.

Conclusion: The finding contributes to understanding the development of safer pesticide formulation and improved aquatic system management. The right amount and proper use of pesticides are very important to keep up the environment clean and maintain the ecosystem.